I try not to let religious belief or political views interfere with who I am friends with, or how I treat people...but If you believe that wealthy people deserve to pay less taxes then people who are not well off..I lose all respect for you.
It's not about the hard working paying for the lazy..its about equality. first of all, taxes pay for everything. everything from our infrastructure to social security for the deserving are paid through taxes. oh and, trickle down economics didn't work the first time. THAT is what the fiscally conservative would like to continue doing.
If you feel that the wealthy have the responsibility to create jobs..and that's why they are taxed less, then what exactly makes them NOT responsible when it comes to paying more taxes? Where is the logic in that?
How can someone support that while knowing there are single mother's in this world who have worked three jobs while getting assistance and STILL had a hard time making ends meet?
Thursday, November 1, 2012
Friday, October 5, 2012
NaNoWriMo
Ok, so Hannah finally talked me into participating in National Novel Writing Month this year. It's this November and the goal is 50,000 words by the end of the month. My subject? Atheism of course. While I'm here I figured I'd type out a little synopsis.
The title?
Leaving The Flock: My Journey To Atheism
here's a little bit of what's going to be covered (so far):
This is a non-fiction book designed to explain my experiences and a wide range of reasons why I have left the faith of my family. My goal is to make people understand what atheism is, and to understand why someone may have this point of view. I want to stress very much that this is not meant to insult anyone or to be taken as offensive. It is my own honest reasoning of why I believe(or dont), the things that I do. So far there will be five sections: Introduction, History, The Bible, Followers and Final Thoughts.
The introduction will explain what atheism is, and what common misconceptions there are about it. I will also describe my own indoctrination into Christianity, why I am specifically talking about Christianity even though my same thoughts apply to all religions and why I would want someone to understand where I am coming from.
Under the first section ( History) I will be covering things such as the pagan roots of certain traditions, ways in which the religion has spread, Eurocentric ideas, the protestant reformation and of course how each of these things influence my beliefs.
Under the second section (The Bible) I will be covering things such as how the bible was written/compiled, books that have been added/removed, Bible Stories/Teachings that I find immoral or outdated, Old Testament vs. New, mistranslations (Greek to Hebrew to English), how it is irrelevant today, contradictions, lack of proof/confirmation and inconsistencies from a scientific point of view.
Under the third section (Followers) I will be talking about how Christian’s view God, views on other beliefs including different sects within Christianity, evil done in the name of god (in real life as well as the bible), indoctrination, miracles (debunking them) and arguments made to prove that there is a god (debunking them).
The last section (Final Thoughts) I will be relating this to my life, how I see other religions in the same way and how we can have morality without religion.
I'm adding stuff as I go along so I dont think I'll have too much of a problem reaching my goal. Hannah said she'd help me edit when I am finished, so I'll be putting excerpts up on my blog when they are done.
The title?
Leaving The Flock: My Journey To Atheism
here's a little bit of what's going to be covered (so far):
This is a non-fiction book designed to explain my experiences and a wide range of reasons why I have left the faith of my family. My goal is to make people understand what atheism is, and to understand why someone may have this point of view. I want to stress very much that this is not meant to insult anyone or to be taken as offensive. It is my own honest reasoning of why I believe(or dont), the things that I do. So far there will be five sections: Introduction, History, The Bible, Followers and Final Thoughts.
The introduction will explain what atheism is, and what common misconceptions there are about it. I will also describe my own indoctrination into Christianity, why I am specifically talking about Christianity even though my same thoughts apply to all religions and why I would want someone to understand where I am coming from.
Under the first section ( History) I will be covering things such as the pagan roots of certain traditions, ways in which the religion has spread, Eurocentric ideas, the protestant reformation and of course how each of these things influence my beliefs.
Under the second section (The Bible) I will be covering things such as how the bible was written/compiled, books that have been added/removed, Bible Stories/Teachings that I find immoral or outdated, Old Testament vs. New, mistranslations (Greek to Hebrew to English), how it is irrelevant today, contradictions, lack of proof/confirmation and inconsistencies from a scientific point of view.
Under the third section (Followers) I will be talking about how Christian’s view God, views on other beliefs including different sects within Christianity, evil done in the name of god (in real life as well as the bible), indoctrination, miracles (debunking them) and arguments made to prove that there is a god (debunking them).
The last section (Final Thoughts) I will be relating this to my life, how I see other religions in the same way and how we can have morality without religion.
I'm adding stuff as I go along so I dont think I'll have too much of a problem reaching my goal. Hannah said she'd help me edit when I am finished, so I'll be putting excerpts up on my blog when they are done.
Sunday, September 9, 2012
Blind Nationalism
you know, It drives me up the wall when I hear people say that people in the military risk their lives for the rights of the common people to vote. It's complete utter bullshit. Our own government denied it's citizens the right to vote, not some foreign threat. If you are a black American man, a woman of any ethnicity, or an 18-20-year-old, you didn't have the right 141, 92, and 41 years ago, respectively.
It's equally frustrating when people say that our soldiers are fighting for our rights in general. Under any context it isn't true. We have been at war or in some sort of conflict for almost every year since the revolutionary war.
but that was the last real time we have been in a war because our rights have been infringed upon. every war other then a select few...and there has been a lottttttt..have been about foreign policy, or some made up shit like defending ourselves from terrorist by finding the nuclear weapons that arnt there in the first place. i just..i fucking hate that people have this godlike respect for the military branch of government.
most people join the army because they need the money, or they cant fucking cut it doing anything else. i know so many people who dropped out of high school..and knocked up some chick..so they went into the army. i know people who are horrible fucking people, who frankly, just wanted to see some combat. its disgusting.
that isn't being a patriot..its blind nationalism and we defend that idea when its coming from America, but we are scared to death of the idea if its from somewhere else. if a foreign country are nationalist...communists or anything else WE think we have to defend our selves from it. what the hell is wrong with our country were have have only been at peace for a hand full of decades.the reason for this blind reverence towards our troops? its unavoidable. its easier to make them into a hero then to protest. We just simply dont have to think about it.
It's equally frustrating when people say that our soldiers are fighting for our rights in general. Under any context it isn't true. We have been at war or in some sort of conflict for almost every year since the revolutionary war.
but that was the last real time we have been in a war because our rights have been infringed upon. every war other then a select few...and there has been a lottttttt..have been about foreign policy, or some made up shit like defending ourselves from terrorist by finding the nuclear weapons that arnt there in the first place. i just..i fucking hate that people have this godlike respect for the military branch of government.
most people join the army because they need the money, or they cant fucking cut it doing anything else. i know so many people who dropped out of high school..and knocked up some chick..so they went into the army. i know people who are horrible fucking people, who frankly, just wanted to see some combat. its disgusting.
that isn't being a patriot..its blind nationalism and we defend that idea when its coming from America, but we are scared to death of the idea if its from somewhere else. if a foreign country are nationalist...communists or anything else WE think we have to defend our selves from it. what the hell is wrong with our country were have have only been at peace for a hand full of decades.the reason for this blind reverence towards our troops? its unavoidable. its easier to make them into a hero then to protest. We just simply dont have to think about it.
Tuesday, July 24, 2012
A Little Lesson On Responsiblity In The Business World
People in certain positions need to start taking more responsibility for their choices and actions. I've spent most of my adult life looking for work, and I think this is one of the best lesson's I've learned.
I've recently had a job interview for a company that I have prior experience working for. During the interview, the employer was looking into my records and reviews that my previous boss for the same company left for me.
Now, when I worked there before, it was my first job and I had no idea how the world of employment actually worked so I think its pretty obvious that I wasn't the best of employees, so..the review was a little negative. One of the comments was that I didn't take initiative and because of that, they took it as me being unmotivated. The thing is though, I did my job..I did what I was told to do. That, in my mind, was my only requirement. I thought it made me a good worker...hell, I even worked more overtime then most people in my position!
Had my boss at the time told me any of this..I would have become a better person for it. I would have done better work..I mean, it really would help me in future endeavors. I just feel that since I was unaware of this, it was my boss's job to direct me. I'm not hard to talk to..I DO take advice so..if your my boss and you think I'm not doing something right...fucking tell me. that makes YOU bad at your job...not me. That's just how I feel about that.
I dont understand..what's hard about being honest with someone and taking responsibility? I would have taken responsibility for my actions..so why cant you, my direct supervisor? Do your job and direct me.
Here is another example:
I also hate it (and I've had plenty of experience with this), I hate when you apply somewhere and they tell you they'll call you...then that's it. You dont hear anything. Whenever I hear "we'll call you", I take it as a no for now on because they dont..they dont take responsibility and let you know that you didn't get the job. Instead they leave you hanging. Fuck..I mean, I've only had two places tell me that I didn't get the job..and I respect that a hell of a lot more. I'd rather hear that I didn't get the job, and not get my hopes up. I mean...it means more to me that you told me that I didn't get it. It means probably more to me then if I would have gotten the job anyway!
Anyway, the lesson that I've taken away from these experiences is that it is important to be honest with people from the beginning. Take responsibility for the choices you make. Even if you work for a large corporation...please, dont hide behind it.
I've recently had a job interview for a company that I have prior experience working for. During the interview, the employer was looking into my records and reviews that my previous boss for the same company left for me.
Now, when I worked there before, it was my first job and I had no idea how the world of employment actually worked so I think its pretty obvious that I wasn't the best of employees, so..the review was a little negative. One of the comments was that I didn't take initiative and because of that, they took it as me being unmotivated. The thing is though, I did my job..I did what I was told to do. That, in my mind, was my only requirement. I thought it made me a good worker...hell, I even worked more overtime then most people in my position!
Had my boss at the time told me any of this..I would have become a better person for it. I would have done better work..I mean, it really would help me in future endeavors. I just feel that since I was unaware of this, it was my boss's job to direct me. I'm not hard to talk to..I DO take advice so..if your my boss and you think I'm not doing something right...fucking tell me. that makes YOU bad at your job...not me. That's just how I feel about that.
I dont understand..what's hard about being honest with someone and taking responsibility? I would have taken responsibility for my actions..so why cant you, my direct supervisor? Do your job and direct me.
Here is another example:
I also hate it (and I've had plenty of experience with this), I hate when you apply somewhere and they tell you they'll call you...then that's it. You dont hear anything. Whenever I hear "we'll call you", I take it as a no for now on because they dont..they dont take responsibility and let you know that you didn't get the job. Instead they leave you hanging. Fuck..I mean, I've only had two places tell me that I didn't get the job..and I respect that a hell of a lot more. I'd rather hear that I didn't get the job, and not get my hopes up. I mean...it means more to me that you told me that I didn't get it. It means probably more to me then if I would have gotten the job anyway!
Anyway, the lesson that I've taken away from these experiences is that it is important to be honest with people from the beginning. Take responsibility for the choices you make. Even if you work for a large corporation...please, dont hide behind it.
Thursday, July 19, 2012
Grammar Nazi's Are Annoying.
People overlook the actual point you are trying to make just because you make a typo. I've been told its for my benefit..it "helps" me...but look..if you go out of your way to correct me and not even listen to what I'm saying when I'm making a sincere point and I'm not willfully being ignorant; then your just an ass.
i have no problem admitting that my grammar isn't the best it can be, but in very many instances, yes...they are ignoring the point. prove that they dont and ill change my opinion.
hell, i can understand correcting misconceptions or misunderstandings when it comes to the way you actually express your view..but when it comes to simple mistakes...fixing it doesn't add anything to the conversation.
do you get some sort of ego boost when you correct others for such minor mistakes? it might seem helpful to you, but to others you just come off as a pretentious snob.
minor mistakes happen; if its from a simple typing error, or a misuse of a word, granted..you should know how to use words, but if its not something that you cant figure out form the context clues, or if i used the word effect instead of affect...then then is when i can see correcting someone.
for simple words that are so often misused, really it just means that you have a certain pet peeve that you feel obligates you to be pretentious.
If I thought most pages on the internet were the appropriate forum for perfect grammar then I'd be more careful about my writing.
i have no problem admitting that my grammar isn't the best it can be, but in very many instances, yes...they are ignoring the point. prove that they dont and ill change my opinion.
hell, i can understand correcting misconceptions or misunderstandings when it comes to the way you actually express your view..but when it comes to simple mistakes...fixing it doesn't add anything to the conversation.
do you get some sort of ego boost when you correct others for such minor mistakes? it might seem helpful to you, but to others you just come off as a pretentious snob.
minor mistakes happen; if its from a simple typing error, or a misuse of a word, granted..you should know how to use words, but if its not something that you cant figure out form the context clues, or if i used the word effect instead of affect...then then is when i can see correcting someone.
for simple words that are so often misused, really it just means that you have a certain pet peeve that you feel obligates you to be pretentious.
If I thought most pages on the internet were the appropriate forum for perfect grammar then I'd be more careful about my writing.
Sexism In The Bible
First let me just say that these are only a few examples, there are other passages that command exactly the same thing.
For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man. *1 Cor.11:7
(this is pretty self explanatory, woman have to cover their head because they are not as "glorious" as men.)
...If a woman have conceived seed, and born a man child: then she shall be unclean seven days.
But if she bear a maid child, then she shall be unclean two weeks. *Leviticus 12:2-5
(if a women gives birth to a girl she is considered to be unclean for a longer amount of time).
Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him?
But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering. *Corinthians 11:14-15
(men shouldn't have long hair because it is meant to cover the head of a women. covering, as shown by other passages is shameful.)
Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not permitted unto them to speak; but they are commanded to be under obedience as also saith the law.
And if they will learn any thing, let them ask their husbands at home: for it is a shame for women to speak in the church. *Corinthians 14:34-35
(women are not allowed to speak in church, therefor if they have any questions they must ask their husband afterwords)
For the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church *Ephesians 5:23
(it seems the order of importance is christ, men, then women because women are to obey their husband, not the other way around because the husband is the head of the household)
Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection.
But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence.
For Adam was first formed, then Eve.
And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression. *Timothy 2:11-14
(women are not allowed to teach or have authority over man and must remain quiet. this is because Eve was deceived..not Adam. which is odd considering there are verses in the bible that say that children are not held accountable by God for the sins of their parents; for example Deuteronomy 24:16 and Ezekiel 18:20).
he shall pay the girl's father fifty shekels of silver. He must marry the girl, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives. *Deuteronomy 22:29
(this verse is about rap. If a man rapes a women he has to pay her father for her hand in marriage. not only does she have to marry her rapist, her father gets paid for it)
If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must still pay the bride-price for virgins. *Exodus 22:17
(not only is a women her father's to give wither she agrees or not, she is bought. A few passages in the bible tell us how much a wife costs. if she is a rape victim its 50 sheckles of silver. There is also a reference to paying with animals if the male suitor can not afford 50 sheckles)
Genesis 4:19,Genesis 16:1-4,Genesis 25:6,Genesis 26:34,Genesis 28:9,Genesis 31:17,Genesis 32:22,Ex.21:10,Dt.21:15,Judges 8:30,1Sam.1:1-2,2 Sam.12:7-8,1 Kg.11:2-3,1 Chr.4:5,2 Chr.11:21,2 Chr.13:21,2 Chr.24:3,Mt.25:1,Titus 1:6-7 ALL of which men have more then one wife, however, NOWHERE is it mention that a women can have more then one husband.
Thursday, June 28, 2012
What Makes America The Best Country In The World?
Is America the best country in the world? What makes it the best? Is it all of the freedom that we enjoy? We know that we arnt the only country in the world who has some sort of document that sets up government in a way that protects the citizens rights..and we certainly arnt the only country that has a democratic system..
Maybe its the attitude of its citizens. We all support the "American dream". What IS the American dream? The American dream, is being able to make something out of yourself, no matter what social class you come from. Is this really possible, and are there really no other countries like that?
I'll use our past presidents as an example. The American dream means that ANYONE could be anything they wanted regardless of class, even the president of the united states. So, why is it that there were only seven out of forty four presidents who were anything less then a lawyer or teacher who ran our country? you might say, but that's ridiculous..all lawyers and teachers arnt successful...No, but do you know how much money it takes to go to school to become a lawyer? More then an average working class person of that time could afford, and that's just not something a lower class citizen could identify themselves with.
Speaking of the attitude of our citizens, is a countries nationalism really proof of anything? If that's the case, why is it that we are skeptical of other countries that support blind nationalism?
Maybe we are the best country in the world because we do the most good for our citizens. How well are our citizens taken care of?
Here are a few figures, that show us how we rank with other countries in the world:
7th in literacy.
27th in math.
22nd in science.
49th in life expectancy.
178th in infant mortality.
3rd in median household income.
4rth in labor force.
4th in exports.
Now, compare that to the things that we lead the world in. Here are two that I am the most ashamed of:
1st in incarcerated citizens per capita.
1st in defense spending..which is more then the next twenty six countries combined.
Now, of course we do have programs such as social security, medicare and medicaid to name a few, but most people will agree that there are aspects of these programs that need reform.
Looking at these few examples, I think its safe to say that we dont have the right to call our selves "the best country". Are we a good country? yes, I think everyone should be proud, but at the same time, realize that when there is something to be critical about, the best thing to do is to fix the problem, not ignoring it by blind nationalism.
Maybe its the attitude of its citizens. We all support the "American dream". What IS the American dream? The American dream, is being able to make something out of yourself, no matter what social class you come from. Is this really possible, and are there really no other countries like that?
I'll use our past presidents as an example. The American dream means that ANYONE could be anything they wanted regardless of class, even the president of the united states. So, why is it that there were only seven out of forty four presidents who were anything less then a lawyer or teacher who ran our country? you might say, but that's ridiculous..all lawyers and teachers arnt successful...No, but do you know how much money it takes to go to school to become a lawyer? More then an average working class person of that time could afford, and that's just not something a lower class citizen could identify themselves with.
Speaking of the attitude of our citizens, is a countries nationalism really proof of anything? If that's the case, why is it that we are skeptical of other countries that support blind nationalism?
Maybe we are the best country in the world because we do the most good for our citizens. How well are our citizens taken care of?
Here are a few figures, that show us how we rank with other countries in the world:
7th in literacy.
27th in math.
22nd in science.
49th in life expectancy.
178th in infant mortality.
3rd in median household income.
4rth in labor force.
4th in exports.
Now, compare that to the things that we lead the world in. Here are two that I am the most ashamed of:
1st in incarcerated citizens per capita.
1st in defense spending..which is more then the next twenty six countries combined.
Now, of course we do have programs such as social security, medicare and medicaid to name a few, but most people will agree that there are aspects of these programs that need reform.
Looking at these few examples, I think its safe to say that we dont have the right to call our selves "the best country". Are we a good country? yes, I think everyone should be proud, but at the same time, realize that when there is something to be critical about, the best thing to do is to fix the problem, not ignoring it by blind nationalism.
Why God's First Words to Adam Was A Lie: By Rosa Rubicondior
Now here's a funny thing.
Browsing my King James Bible, I came across this curious tale. Maybe you've heard of it. It's the story of Adam and Eve and the Garden of Eden. It makes you wonder just what sort of god the author was writing about. It soon becomes all too obvious why he was writing it in the first place though - and I do mean he.
Firstly, this god is supposed to have created the Garden of Eden, complete with fruit trees for food, and put Adam into it.
Genesis 2:8-9 And the Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed. And out of the ground made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
He then tells Adam that he can eat the fruit on all the trees except for the [fruit of the] tree of 'knowledge of good and evil' otherwise he will surely die.
Genesis 2:15-17 And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it. And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat:
But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
So this god has put temptation in the Garden of Eden yet poor Adam does not yet have knowledge of good and evil so he doesn't yet know it's wrong to disobey this god. The words 'set up to fail' spring to mind.
But maybe that threat that Adam would die would do the trick, though we aren't told if this god has actually told Adam about death yet, and he can't have heard about it from anyone else.
God then makes all the animals and birds, etc, out of the ground, apparently hoping that Adam could use one of them as a 'help meet'
Genesis 2:18-20 And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him. And out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him.
Okay. So, this god decides to make Adam a 'help meet' and creates a whole lot of birds and animals to see if any of those would do, but fails to make a suitable one - which is strange really, what with being omniscient and having created Adam in the first place.
So, he has another go and creates a woman for him. For some reason, although he could create a man from dust and all the animals and birds 'out of the ground', he needs a piece of man from which to make a woman, but that's by the by. Maybe he was losing his touch or the magic was running out along with his omniscience.
Genesis 2:25 And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.
Well, obviously! With no knowledge of right and wrong, why would they feel shame?
And now the tale starts to get really bizarre, as though it weren't bizarre enough already.
Apparently, this god had included a talking, reasoning and cunning snake when he created all the animals and birds 'out of the ground'. It turns out too that this snake knew that the god had lied to Adam before it was even created, but we aren't told how it got this knowledge. Obviously someone must have told it because it wasn't there when the god told Adam the lie.
The lie was of course about dying if they ate the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, or even touched it (though the god apparently forgot to mention the touching part).
So, here we have an incompetent god who tells lies, and a clever serpent who tells Eve the truth. And Adam, who was told personally by this god that he would surely die, decides to take his chances with Eve and the serpent instead.
Perhaps he wasn't too impressed by this god either, having seen his bungling over the 'help meet' fiasco. But of course, Adam and Eve didn't know right from wrong, so they can't be held responsible for doing a 'wrong' thing, can they?
Anyway, they then eat the forbidden fruit, gain the knowledge of right and wrong through some mysterious process, and don't die, just like the serpent says, and contrary to what the god had said.
God had lied to them.
So, was this knowledge of right and wrong the knowledge that this god is a liar and did Adam and Eve get their morals from a talking snake?
But it doesn't stop there.
A bit later on, Adam and Eve, who had mysteriously found a needle and thread and made some simple cloths to cover their newly-discovered naughty parts, heard this god walking about in the Garden of Eden so they hid from it.
And the god couldn't find them so he had to call out to Adam and ask him where he was.
Genesis 3:8-9 And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden. And the Lord God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou?
They hid from an omniscient, omni-present god!
Moving on...
And it's only then that this omniscient god discovers that they have eaten the forbidden fruit and now know right from wrong!
Genesis 3:10-13 And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.
And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?
And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
So, this omniscient god now needs to be told what happened and falls for Eve's lie. The serpent hadn't deceived her at all. The serpent was the one who told them the truth and the only person who could have told the serpent the truth in the first place was the god. They touched and ate the fruit and didn't die like this god had told them they would; instead they lived, like the serpent had said they would.
It was Adam who had been deceived by the god.
It all smacks of a set-up to me.
But it maybe all becomes clear in the final few of verses of the tale:
Genesis 3:14 And the Lord God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life
So the poor serpent gets punished for doing what he was made to do and for telling the truth which it can only have been fed by the god. And of course, as we all know, snakes eat nothing but dust to this day!
Then the sucker punches, and the reason the entire tale was made up in the first place, even at the expense of making the god sound like an incompetent fool and a liar. The god who rigged the whole thing in the first place decides to punish Adam and Eve even though they didn't know right from wrong until after they had done the naughty thing. Not only that, but this was the worst crime imaginable and one for which all Adam and Eve's descendant were to be punished too.
And this is supposed to be an omni-benevolent god!
Genesis 3:16 Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.
Yep! Women are to be the chattels of men!
Genesis 3:17-19 And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life;
Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
And the best a man can hope for is a life of toil and drudgery and labouring in the fields.
Except of course for the priests and the ruling classes, who just happen to own the fields and need a compliant labour-force who know their place and believe they deserve nothing better from life.
And that's the women put in their place too! Sod all that seduction and foreplay stuff and wanting a say in everything! A man should be master in his own house!
This is how you can tell that the Bible was written by men for the masters they served and how the god in it is a utility god who is made to be whatever suits the rulers at the time. Later on it will be a brutal, genocidal god, or a capricious, threatening one, or even one who sides with the underdogs - up to a point of course.
Browsing my King James Bible, I came across this curious tale. Maybe you've heard of it. It's the story of Adam and Eve and the Garden of Eden. It makes you wonder just what sort of god the author was writing about. It soon becomes all too obvious why he was writing it in the first place though - and I do mean he.
Firstly, this god is supposed to have created the Garden of Eden, complete with fruit trees for food, and put Adam into it.
Genesis 2:8-9 And the Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed. And out of the ground made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
He then tells Adam that he can eat the fruit on all the trees except for the [fruit of the] tree of 'knowledge of good and evil' otherwise he will surely die.
Genesis 2:15-17 And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it. And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat:
But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
So this god has put temptation in the Garden of Eden yet poor Adam does not yet have knowledge of good and evil so he doesn't yet know it's wrong to disobey this god. The words 'set up to fail' spring to mind.
But maybe that threat that Adam would die would do the trick, though we aren't told if this god has actually told Adam about death yet, and he can't have heard about it from anyone else.
God then makes all the animals and birds, etc, out of the ground, apparently hoping that Adam could use one of them as a 'help meet'
Genesis 2:18-20 And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him. And out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him.
Okay. So, this god decides to make Adam a 'help meet' and creates a whole lot of birds and animals to see if any of those would do, but fails to make a suitable one - which is strange really, what with being omniscient and having created Adam in the first place.
So, he has another go and creates a woman for him. For some reason, although he could create a man from dust and all the animals and birds 'out of the ground', he needs a piece of man from which to make a woman, but that's by the by. Maybe he was losing his touch or the magic was running out along with his omniscience.
Genesis 2:25 And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.
Well, obviously! With no knowledge of right and wrong, why would they feel shame?
And now the tale starts to get really bizarre, as though it weren't bizarre enough already.
Apparently, this god had included a talking, reasoning and cunning snake when he created all the animals and birds 'out of the ground'. It turns out too that this snake knew that the god had lied to Adam before it was even created, but we aren't told how it got this knowledge. Obviously someone must have told it because it wasn't there when the god told Adam the lie.
The lie was of course about dying if they ate the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, or even touched it (though the god apparently forgot to mention the touching part).
So, here we have an incompetent god who tells lies, and a clever serpent who tells Eve the truth. And Adam, who was told personally by this god that he would surely die, decides to take his chances with Eve and the serpent instead.
Perhaps he wasn't too impressed by this god either, having seen his bungling over the 'help meet' fiasco. But of course, Adam and Eve didn't know right from wrong, so they can't be held responsible for doing a 'wrong' thing, can they?
Anyway, they then eat the forbidden fruit, gain the knowledge of right and wrong through some mysterious process, and don't die, just like the serpent says, and contrary to what the god had said.
God had lied to them.
So, was this knowledge of right and wrong the knowledge that this god is a liar and did Adam and Eve get their morals from a talking snake?
But it doesn't stop there.
A bit later on, Adam and Eve, who had mysteriously found a needle and thread and made some simple cloths to cover their newly-discovered naughty parts, heard this god walking about in the Garden of Eden so they hid from it.
And the god couldn't find them so he had to call out to Adam and ask him where he was.
Genesis 3:8-9 And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden. And the Lord God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou?
They hid from an omniscient, omni-present god!
Moving on...
And it's only then that this omniscient god discovers that they have eaten the forbidden fruit and now know right from wrong!
Genesis 3:10-13 And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.
And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?
And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
So, this omniscient god now needs to be told what happened and falls for Eve's lie. The serpent hadn't deceived her at all. The serpent was the one who told them the truth and the only person who could have told the serpent the truth in the first place was the god. They touched and ate the fruit and didn't die like this god had told them they would; instead they lived, like the serpent had said they would.
It was Adam who had been deceived by the god.
It all smacks of a set-up to me.
But it maybe all becomes clear in the final few of verses of the tale:
Genesis 3:14 And the Lord God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life
So the poor serpent gets punished for doing what he was made to do and for telling the truth which it can only have been fed by the god. And of course, as we all know, snakes eat nothing but dust to this day!
Then the sucker punches, and the reason the entire tale was made up in the first place, even at the expense of making the god sound like an incompetent fool and a liar. The god who rigged the whole thing in the first place decides to punish Adam and Eve even though they didn't know right from wrong until after they had done the naughty thing. Not only that, but this was the worst crime imaginable and one for which all Adam and Eve's descendant were to be punished too.
And this is supposed to be an omni-benevolent god!
Genesis 3:16 Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.
Yep! Women are to be the chattels of men!
Genesis 3:17-19 And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life;
Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
And the best a man can hope for is a life of toil and drudgery and labouring in the fields.
Except of course for the priests and the ruling classes, who just happen to own the fields and need a compliant labour-force who know their place and believe they deserve nothing better from life.
And that's the women put in their place too! Sod all that seduction and foreplay stuff and wanting a say in everything! A man should be master in his own house!
This is how you can tell that the Bible was written by men for the masters they served and how the god in it is a utility god who is made to be whatever suits the rulers at the time. Later on it will be a brutal, genocidal god, or a capricious, threatening one, or even one who sides with the underdogs - up to a point of course.
Circumcision
10 Quick points: pro-circumcision
1. The American Academy of Pediatrics (1999) stated that studies suggest that neonatal circumcision confers some protection from penile cancer.
2. Circumcision is associated with a reduced risk of urinary tract infections
3. The American Academy of Pediatrics (1999) stated: "Circumcision has been suggested as an effective method of maintaining penile hygiene since the time of the Egyptian dynasties
4. An inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin is called balanoposthitis; that affecting the glans alone is called balanitis. Both conditions are usually treated with topical antibiotics (metronidazole cream) and antifungals (clotrimazole cream) or low-potency steroid creams. Although not as necessary as in the past, circumcision may be considered for recurrent or resistant cases. Most cases of these conditions occur in uncircumcised males
5. Phimosis is the inability to retract the foreskin over the glans penis; authors frequently distinguish between "physiologic" phimosis (or developmental non-retractility) and "pathological" phimosis. The latter is most commonly caused by balanitis xerotica obliterans, for which circumcision is the preferred treatment. The American Medical Association states that circumcision, properly performed, protects against the development of phimosis
6. In another analysis, in which 21 studies were included, there was a statistically significant reduction in prevalence of HPV
7. There is strong evidence that circumcision reduces the risk of HIV infection in heterosexual men in populations that are at high risk. Evidence among heterosexual men in sub-Saharan Africa shows a decreased risk of between 38 percent and 66 percent over two years and in this population studies rate it cost effective
8. The American Academy of Pediatrics points to a survey (self-report) finding circumcised adult men had less sexual dysfunction and more varied sexual practices, but also noted anecdotal reports that penile sensation and sexual satisfaction are decreased for circumcised males...but, I see this as a benefit for men with a problem with pre-mature ejaculation.
9. Social/cultural conformity.
10. It is literally the most common form of surgery that is performed today. with modern methods and anesthesia, there are very few cases of complication.
1. The American Academy of Pediatrics (1999) stated that studies suggest that neonatal circumcision confers some protection from penile cancer.
2. Circumcision is associated with a reduced risk of urinary tract infections
3. The American Academy of Pediatrics (1999) stated: "Circumcision has been suggested as an effective method of maintaining penile hygiene since the time of the Egyptian dynasties
4. An inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin is called balanoposthitis; that affecting the glans alone is called balanitis. Both conditions are usually treated with topical antibiotics (metronidazole cream) and antifungals (clotrimazole cream) or low-potency steroid creams. Although not as necessary as in the past, circumcision may be considered for recurrent or resistant cases. Most cases of these conditions occur in uncircumcised males
5. Phimosis is the inability to retract the foreskin over the glans penis; authors frequently distinguish between "physiologic" phimosis (or developmental non-retractility) and "pathological" phimosis. The latter is most commonly caused by balanitis xerotica obliterans, for which circumcision is the preferred treatment. The American Medical Association states that circumcision, properly performed, protects against the development of phimosis
6. In another analysis, in which 21 studies were included, there was a statistically significant reduction in prevalence of HPV
7. There is strong evidence that circumcision reduces the risk of HIV infection in heterosexual men in populations that are at high risk. Evidence among heterosexual men in sub-Saharan Africa shows a decreased risk of between 38 percent and 66 percent over two years and in this population studies rate it cost effective
8. The American Academy of Pediatrics points to a survey (self-report) finding circumcised adult men had less sexual dysfunction and more varied sexual practices, but also noted anecdotal reports that penile sensation and sexual satisfaction are decreased for circumcised males...but, I see this as a benefit for men with a problem with pre-mature ejaculation.
9. Social/cultural conformity.
10. It is literally the most common form of surgery that is performed today. with modern methods and anesthesia, there are very few cases of complication.
Quick Thought On Education
The problem with our country's education is that it is rated 88 in the world.
our government would rather spend more money on corporations that boost the economy then to spend money in education...which would help the economy in the long run. A lot of people even feel that it isn't right to spend more on education because it would mean it was some what socialized, and we all know..that's a "slippery slope to communism".
we have had so many recent spending cuts in the education department, and teachers are being seen as less important. also, you should look at some of our text books to understand why we care so little about education. also, about textbooks..our adoption committees are too controlled by the parents. they are afraid to tell students the truth because it might go against their beliefs. they are also there to make you feel more patriotic. a lot of people feel better about making our students nationalists.
I could go on and on about our education system here in the states. its just..there's so much wrong with it right now and people dont even realize it.
our government would rather spend more money on corporations that boost the economy then to spend money in education...which would help the economy in the long run. A lot of people even feel that it isn't right to spend more on education because it would mean it was some what socialized, and we all know..that's a "slippery slope to communism".
we have had so many recent spending cuts in the education department, and teachers are being seen as less important. also, you should look at some of our text books to understand why we care so little about education. also, about textbooks..our adoption committees are too controlled by the parents. they are afraid to tell students the truth because it might go against their beliefs. they are also there to make you feel more patriotic. a lot of people feel better about making our students nationalists.
I could go on and on about our education system here in the states. its just..there's so much wrong with it right now and people dont even realize it.
Tuesday, June 12, 2012
Pledge Of Allegance
Its a violation of the first amendment. it does..no matter how many times a fundie will argue, promote certain religions over another or non at all. Some religion's dont have gods, and those of us who dont believe in gods can tell you...its really the christian god they are referring too anyway.
I also feel that little children should not be pledging their allegiance to something that they dont understand in the first place. we should teach our children to strive for a better future, not to blind them with nationalism.
also, what is it about conservatives..it seems that they dont want to conserve history at all, but to alter it, or shadow over important things in history that would actually make you think. the mention of god was never in the original pledge, it was never on the dollar, but yet they wont even begin to consider removing them...the conservatives are not conserving anything.
I also feel that little children should not be pledging their allegiance to something that they dont understand in the first place. we should teach our children to strive for a better future, not to blind them with nationalism.
also, what is it about conservatives..it seems that they dont want to conserve history at all, but to alter it, or shadow over important things in history that would actually make you think. the mention of god was never in the original pledge, it was never on the dollar, but yet they wont even begin to consider removing them...the conservatives are not conserving anything.
Monday, June 11, 2012
Just A Thought On Birth Control
if you believe sex is a sin, but believe that condoms are wrong...
people are still going to have sex because they dont share your view. not letting them get birth control, or not allowing them to use condoms are hurting them, just because it is against your beliefs. actually, not only are you hurting them..you think that its god's will for them to suffer.
there is nothing humane or moral about that.
people are still going to have sex because they dont share your view. not letting them get birth control, or not allowing them to use condoms are hurting them, just because it is against your beliefs. actually, not only are you hurting them..you think that its god's will for them to suffer.
there is nothing humane or moral about that.
Top 10 Widely Believed Myths
10. Pigeons blow up if you feed them uncooked rice
Wedding guests are often told to refrain from throwing uncooked rice because of the explosive consequences that it can have on birds, especially pigeons. Ann Landers and The Simpsons both warned us about it, so it must be true.
If rice hurts their insides, then birds are pretty dumb. Did you know that birds eat rice grains during the cold months to maintain a healthy body mass? No bird explosions due to rice have ever been documented. The fact is that birds don't drink enough water to cause any significant stomach swelling due to rice. The no-rice wedding rule really exists to keep guests from taking a tumble.
9. Napoleon was short
Napoleon’s nickname may have been "Le Petit Caporal," drawings may depict him standing among much taller soldiers and he may have had an inferiority condition named after him (the Napoleon complex), but the truth is Napoleon Bonaparte wasn't short. Napoleon's height was measured in French feet, which listed him as being 5 foot 2 inches. That's short, but using the Imperial system, Napoleon stood at 5 foot 6 inches, an average height for men in his country. What about the nickname? Napoleon was given the "Petit" tag because of his friendly and respectful nature toward his soldiers; and since most of them were above 6-feet tall, that's why he seemed small by comparison.
8. If you shave your hair, it returns thicker and faster
Despite studies from the 1920s showing the opposite, many men believe that shaving, waxing and cutting hair can accelerate its growth and that the hair will return thicker and darker. In reality, it's one big special effect.
For one thing, the hair that we touch, see and style isn't alive. Living hair lies under the skin and scalp, so cutting it won't change the texture or speed that it grows. The fact is you're merely seeing your hair at a different stage. Cutting your hair doesn't change the color either: Since the sun naturally lightens hair, new growth looks darker, but it all evens out in the end.
7.The Salem witches were burned
In February of 1692, an investigation was launched into alleged witchcraft among citizens in colonial Massachusetts. Over the next year, some 150 people were arrested and 20 of those convicted were executed. Contrary to popular belief, however, the accused “witches” were not burned.
While some European laws encouraged burning after death as a way to "cleanse" witchcraft, it was forbidden in Massachusetts -- this ruling was because the judicial system was operating under English law. As a result, the "witches" all died through hanging, except for one: Giles Corey, who was crushed to death for refusing to enter a plea.
6. Space has no gravity
Since astronauts appear to be "weightless" in space, there is an assumption that space is a place with zero gravity. While there is less gravity in space, the idea that there is none is factually incorrect.
There isn't just gravity on Earth, on the moon or even on the sun -- it's all around us. Gravity is responsible for keeping our feet planted on the ground and it's also the way that planets and satellites maintain an orbit. The reason why space allows humans to be weightless is because they are gravitating toward the Earth at the same rate as their ships.
5. Marie Antoinette said, "Let them eat cake"
“S’ils n’ont plus de pain, qu’ils mangent de la brioche.”
- Marie Antoinette?
Translated to "If they have no bread, let them eat [cake]," this cruel statement is mistakenly linked to Queen Marie Antoinette. As evidence of its true origin, historians point to two other sources instead: One is 18th-century author Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who wrote of an arrogant princess suggesting brioche for the poor if they didn't have bread. The other potential source for the quote is Marie-Therese of Spain, who allegedly uttered the quote.
4. The only visible man-made structure from space is the Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is one of Earth's architectural wonders. Historians like Richard Halliburton boldly proclaimed that it could be seen from the moon. NASA's Lunar launch proved Halliburton wrong, but the belief remains that from a close orbit, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure visible on Earth.
Ironically, the Great Wall isn't very easy to spot from a close orbit of 180 miles -- it's large enough, but its colors don't distinguish it from its natural surroundings. Furthermore, astronaut descriptions and photographs have shown that airports and highways can be seen from orbit as well.
3. The inventor of the lightbulb was Thomas Edison
Calling Thomas Edison the "inventor" of the lightbulb is false. Although instrumental in developing a commercially successful lightbulb, he did not create it. A closer examination takes us to 1809, when Englishman Humphry Davy created an arc lamp. A decade later, Warren De la Rue built the first sealed lightbulb and in 1840, William Robert Grove lit an entire room of lamps. Unfortunately, the products were expensive with questionable durability. Eight scientists and three patents later, Edison expanded on these ideas to create a longer-lasting, cheaper product. The rest is history, but it wasn't Edison's to begin with.
2. Humans only use 10% their brains
In the 1800s, scientists debated the overall function of the brain. Out of these debates, William James later wrote about humans only using a small percentage of their brains and the 10% myth was born.
Although simple tasks require specific brain areas, anything complicated requires far more than 10% of the brain; magnetic imaging has documented this and scientists are basically in agreement about brain functions. Unfortunately, many psychics still use the 10% myth to promote the idea that they are using more brain power than others. Psychics might be intrinsically connected to some topics, but brain science isn't one of them.
1. Men think about sex every seven seconds
The belief persists that a new sexual thought enters the male mind every seven seconds. While this statement is commonly mentioned, where science is concerned, it has no factual basis.
Many people point to Alfred Kinsey as the origin of this "fact," but even he didn't get that specific. Kinsey concluded in one study that 97% of men thought about sex between a few times a day and a few times per month, with 54% falling into the daily category. While we can debate whether men are more sexually driven than women, the "seven-second" rule is pure fiction.
Wedding guests are often told to refrain from throwing uncooked rice because of the explosive consequences that it can have on birds, especially pigeons. Ann Landers and The Simpsons both warned us about it, so it must be true.
If rice hurts their insides, then birds are pretty dumb. Did you know that birds eat rice grains during the cold months to maintain a healthy body mass? No bird explosions due to rice have ever been documented. The fact is that birds don't drink enough water to cause any significant stomach swelling due to rice. The no-rice wedding rule really exists to keep guests from taking a tumble.
9. Napoleon was short
Napoleon’s nickname may have been "Le Petit Caporal," drawings may depict him standing among much taller soldiers and he may have had an inferiority condition named after him (the Napoleon complex), but the truth is Napoleon Bonaparte wasn't short. Napoleon's height was measured in French feet, which listed him as being 5 foot 2 inches. That's short, but using the Imperial system, Napoleon stood at 5 foot 6 inches, an average height for men in his country. What about the nickname? Napoleon was given the "Petit" tag because of his friendly and respectful nature toward his soldiers; and since most of them were above 6-feet tall, that's why he seemed small by comparison.
8. If you shave your hair, it returns thicker and faster
Despite studies from the 1920s showing the opposite, many men believe that shaving, waxing and cutting hair can accelerate its growth and that the hair will return thicker and darker. In reality, it's one big special effect.
For one thing, the hair that we touch, see and style isn't alive. Living hair lies under the skin and scalp, so cutting it won't change the texture or speed that it grows. The fact is you're merely seeing your hair at a different stage. Cutting your hair doesn't change the color either: Since the sun naturally lightens hair, new growth looks darker, but it all evens out in the end.
7.The Salem witches were burned
In February of 1692, an investigation was launched into alleged witchcraft among citizens in colonial Massachusetts. Over the next year, some 150 people were arrested and 20 of those convicted were executed. Contrary to popular belief, however, the accused “witches” were not burned.
While some European laws encouraged burning after death as a way to "cleanse" witchcraft, it was forbidden in Massachusetts -- this ruling was because the judicial system was operating under English law. As a result, the "witches" all died through hanging, except for one: Giles Corey, who was crushed to death for refusing to enter a plea.
6. Space has no gravity
Since astronauts appear to be "weightless" in space, there is an assumption that space is a place with zero gravity. While there is less gravity in space, the idea that there is none is factually incorrect.
There isn't just gravity on Earth, on the moon or even on the sun -- it's all around us. Gravity is responsible for keeping our feet planted on the ground and it's also the way that planets and satellites maintain an orbit. The reason why space allows humans to be weightless is because they are gravitating toward the Earth at the same rate as their ships.
5. Marie Antoinette said, "Let them eat cake"
“S’ils n’ont plus de pain, qu’ils mangent de la brioche.”
- Marie Antoinette?
Translated to "If they have no bread, let them eat [cake]," this cruel statement is mistakenly linked to Queen Marie Antoinette. As evidence of its true origin, historians point to two other sources instead: One is 18th-century author Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who wrote of an arrogant princess suggesting brioche for the poor if they didn't have bread. The other potential source for the quote is Marie-Therese of Spain, who allegedly uttered the quote.
4. The only visible man-made structure from space is the Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is one of Earth's architectural wonders. Historians like Richard Halliburton boldly proclaimed that it could be seen from the moon. NASA's Lunar launch proved Halliburton wrong, but the belief remains that from a close orbit, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure visible on Earth.
Ironically, the Great Wall isn't very easy to spot from a close orbit of 180 miles -- it's large enough, but its colors don't distinguish it from its natural surroundings. Furthermore, astronaut descriptions and photographs have shown that airports and highways can be seen from orbit as well.
3. The inventor of the lightbulb was Thomas Edison
Calling Thomas Edison the "inventor" of the lightbulb is false. Although instrumental in developing a commercially successful lightbulb, he did not create it. A closer examination takes us to 1809, when Englishman Humphry Davy created an arc lamp. A decade later, Warren De la Rue built the first sealed lightbulb and in 1840, William Robert Grove lit an entire room of lamps. Unfortunately, the products were expensive with questionable durability. Eight scientists and three patents later, Edison expanded on these ideas to create a longer-lasting, cheaper product. The rest is history, but it wasn't Edison's to begin with.
2. Humans only use 10% their brains
In the 1800s, scientists debated the overall function of the brain. Out of these debates, William James later wrote about humans only using a small percentage of their brains and the 10% myth was born.
Although simple tasks require specific brain areas, anything complicated requires far more than 10% of the brain; magnetic imaging has documented this and scientists are basically in agreement about brain functions. Unfortunately, many psychics still use the 10% myth to promote the idea that they are using more brain power than others. Psychics might be intrinsically connected to some topics, but brain science isn't one of them.
1. Men think about sex every seven seconds
The belief persists that a new sexual thought enters the male mind every seven seconds. While this statement is commonly mentioned, where science is concerned, it has no factual basis.
Many people point to Alfred Kinsey as the origin of this "fact," but even he didn't get that specific. Kinsey concluded in one study that 97% of men thought about sex between a few times a day and a few times per month, with 54% falling into the daily category. While we can debate whether men are more sexually driven than women, the "seven-second" rule is pure fiction.
Urban Legend About Witches
Its pretty bad when an atheist has to defend paganism, or neo-pagan beliefs like wicca.
this is a myth that's been going around the internet for quite some time, and im sick of seeing it.
"witches are portrayed with flying broomsticks because many women who were accused of witchcraft were drug users that would put hallucinogens on broomsticks and hold it between their legs to be absorbed by vaginal tissue, sometimes producing a sensation of flying."
Brooms ARE used in wiccan traditions, but the real use has to do with creating positive energy. if you actually look into wiccan mythology, special brooms are blessed and made purified to cleanse the area around an altar....you know..like fucking sweep with it.
this is a myth that's been going around the internet for quite some time, and im sick of seeing it.
"witches are portrayed with flying broomsticks because many women who were accused of witchcraft were drug users that would put hallucinogens on broomsticks and hold it between their legs to be absorbed by vaginal tissue, sometimes producing a sensation of flying."
Brooms ARE used in wiccan traditions, but the real use has to do with creating positive energy. if you actually look into wiccan mythology, special brooms are blessed and made purified to cleanse the area around an altar....you know..like fucking sweep with it.
English Class Story
Our school district was one of the worse in the area. This being said...they set a day were we had to implement math skills in every class.
my incident happened in reading class.. the assignment was to manage a budget, in order to plan, and go on a vacation. We were all matched up in teams of two. We had to pick at least two things to do. something educational and something recreational.
our educational activity was a trip to the zoo. that part was fine but Myself, and my partner were into fishing, so we decided to plan a fake fishing trip for the recreational part of it. We had everything done, and we were pretty proud of it.
on the last day before the project was due, our teacher told us we couldn't plan a fishing trip because it wasn't considered recreational. I was pretty confused..i went home that night, got my fishing hand book that came with my license and showed my teacher the next day. The book clearly said "Pa recreational fishing" on the front cover. She continued arguing with me so I just let it go. so..she suggested a different activity for us. she said horse back riding would be just fine.
mother fucking horseback riding....
my incident happened in reading class.. the assignment was to manage a budget, in order to plan, and go on a vacation. We were all matched up in teams of two. We had to pick at least two things to do. something educational and something recreational.
our educational activity was a trip to the zoo. that part was fine but Myself, and my partner were into fishing, so we decided to plan a fake fishing trip for the recreational part of it. We had everything done, and we were pretty proud of it.
on the last day before the project was due, our teacher told us we couldn't plan a fishing trip because it wasn't considered recreational. I was pretty confused..i went home that night, got my fishing hand book that came with my license and showed my teacher the next day. The book clearly said "Pa recreational fishing" on the front cover. She continued arguing with me so I just let it go. so..she suggested a different activity for us. she said horse back riding would be just fine.
mother fucking horseback riding....
Thursday, February 2, 2012
Groundhog Day
On the morning of Groundhog Day, February 2, year after year, the entire United States and Canada has their eyes on Punxustawny, Pennsylvania and "Punxustawny Phil". Will the Groundhog see his shadow? Will winter (finally) be over? Millions of people tune in to see, sick of cold weather and ready to bring on spring time, or the dreaded "six more weeks of winter".
Groundhog Day wasn't always called Groundhog Day. Its roots lie in a much more religious holiday. Candelmas, or more commonly known as the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple, is a Christian holiday stemming from scripture. According to the Gospel of Luke, Mary and Joseph took baby Jesus to the temple 40 days after his birth on December 25. On this day, according to religious law, Mary was to complete ritual purification at the temple and present her newborn son. There, prophets foresaw what he would later become as an adult. In some denominations, Christians leave their Christmas decorations up until this day. To them, it signifies the end of the Christmas season.
But as with most religious holidays, Candelmas was given its date to coincide with an already celebrated Pagan holiday, to make conversion an easier task. Imbolc, a Celtic holiday, was celebrated on February 1, and was devoted to the goddess Brigid. Brigid was the goddess of healing, smithcraft and poetry. She was said to be associated with sacred flames, and associated with the sun and the coming of warmer days. The Celts believed that on this day, snakes or badgers could perform the same duty as we believe the groundhog performs today.
The holiday of Imbolc was melted together with the holiday of Candelmas, and February 1st became the Irish Catholic feast of Saint Brigid. Saint Brigid is the patron saint of Ireland, along with Saint Patrick and Saint Columba. Although Saint Brigid was a real person, it is believed that Brigid was not her birth name. She was named after the Pagan goddess to make the transition for converts an easier task.
Other countries formed their own traditions based upon those practiced in Ireland. In the United Kingdom, the weather on Candelmas day predicts how the rest of the winter will go. If the weather is nice, another storm can be expected, and if the weather is downcast or stormy, winter has been completed. There, it is wolves and bears, not groundhogs, that come out of hibernation to inspect the weather. It is the Germans who believed in the groundhog's prophetic abilities, and early Pennsylvania Dutch settlers brought this belief with them.
Today, if the groundhog sees its shadow, he will run back into his hole for six more weeks of winter. But where did we get that number? After all, the first day of spring falls on March 21, nearly seven weeks after Groundhog Day. This, however, is according to the current recognized world calendar, the Gregorian calendar. Coincidently, the old Julian calendar, finally abolished by the Russians in 1918, had their equinox landing on March 16, exactly six weeks after February 2. Some historians believe that the differentiation in dates stemmed directly from the confusion during the changing of the calendar year.
There are many celebrations of Groundhog Day in both America and Canada, but the celebration in Punxustawny (pronounced Pungk-su-tawn-ee), is by far the largest, and most famous. Today's festivities seem silly and light-hearted, but don't tell that to a member of the "Inner Circle"! The “Inner Circle” is the traditional caregivers of Punxustawny Phil, and are seen every year on TV, dressed to the tines in tuxedos and top hats. According to them, since 1887 there as been only one Punxustawny Phil, and every year, Phil drinks a special "Elixer Of Life" that magically grants him seven more years to live. The president of the Inner Circle is said to be fluent in "Groundhogese", and is the only one Punxustawny Phil will give his prediction to. It is the president's responsibility to translate for Phil's adoring public.
Punxustawny Phil does not live in Punxustawny, in fact, he lives two miles outside of town in a place called Gobbler's Knob. This home is only temporary, however. During the remainder of the year, Phil and his groundhog wife, Phyllis, live in the town library. The members of the Inner Circle take care of Phil and his wife throughout the year until it's time for Phil to make his annual prediction.
How often is Phil's predictions correct? Well, if you ask the Inner Circle, Phil is right 100% of the time, having predicted an early spring 14 times since beginning his special duties. However, a more accurate number is somewhere around 39%. This year will mark Phil's 114th prediction. If you want to see Phil's prediction in person, Gobbler's Knob is approximately 2 hours and 45 minutes away from Bloomsburg. The celebrations begin at 3 a.m. with a bonfire. The prediction will be aired on live TV at 7:25 a.m., but don't worry if you can't get up that early. Most news stations show Punxustawny throughout the day. Tune in, and enjoy a fun, lighthearted tradition.
*Writen By Lenore Sterner
Groundhog Day wasn't always called Groundhog Day. Its roots lie in a much more religious holiday. Candelmas, or more commonly known as the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple, is a Christian holiday stemming from scripture. According to the Gospel of Luke, Mary and Joseph took baby Jesus to the temple 40 days after his birth on December 25. On this day, according to religious law, Mary was to complete ritual purification at the temple and present her newborn son. There, prophets foresaw what he would later become as an adult. In some denominations, Christians leave their Christmas decorations up until this day. To them, it signifies the end of the Christmas season.
But as with most religious holidays, Candelmas was given its date to coincide with an already celebrated Pagan holiday, to make conversion an easier task. Imbolc, a Celtic holiday, was celebrated on February 1, and was devoted to the goddess Brigid. Brigid was the goddess of healing, smithcraft and poetry. She was said to be associated with sacred flames, and associated with the sun and the coming of warmer days. The Celts believed that on this day, snakes or badgers could perform the same duty as we believe the groundhog performs today.
The holiday of Imbolc was melted together with the holiday of Candelmas, and February 1st became the Irish Catholic feast of Saint Brigid. Saint Brigid is the patron saint of Ireland, along with Saint Patrick and Saint Columba. Although Saint Brigid was a real person, it is believed that Brigid was not her birth name. She was named after the Pagan goddess to make the transition for converts an easier task.
Other countries formed their own traditions based upon those practiced in Ireland. In the United Kingdom, the weather on Candelmas day predicts how the rest of the winter will go. If the weather is nice, another storm can be expected, and if the weather is downcast or stormy, winter has been completed. There, it is wolves and bears, not groundhogs, that come out of hibernation to inspect the weather. It is the Germans who believed in the groundhog's prophetic abilities, and early Pennsylvania Dutch settlers brought this belief with them.
Today, if the groundhog sees its shadow, he will run back into his hole for six more weeks of winter. But where did we get that number? After all, the first day of spring falls on March 21, nearly seven weeks after Groundhog Day. This, however, is according to the current recognized world calendar, the Gregorian calendar. Coincidently, the old Julian calendar, finally abolished by the Russians in 1918, had their equinox landing on March 16, exactly six weeks after February 2. Some historians believe that the differentiation in dates stemmed directly from the confusion during the changing of the calendar year.
There are many celebrations of Groundhog Day in both America and Canada, but the celebration in Punxustawny (pronounced Pungk-su-tawn-ee), is by far the largest, and most famous. Today's festivities seem silly and light-hearted, but don't tell that to a member of the "Inner Circle"! The “Inner Circle” is the traditional caregivers of Punxustawny Phil, and are seen every year on TV, dressed to the tines in tuxedos and top hats. According to them, since 1887 there as been only one Punxustawny Phil, and every year, Phil drinks a special "Elixer Of Life" that magically grants him seven more years to live. The president of the Inner Circle is said to be fluent in "Groundhogese", and is the only one Punxustawny Phil will give his prediction to. It is the president's responsibility to translate for Phil's adoring public.
Punxustawny Phil does not live in Punxustawny, in fact, he lives two miles outside of town in a place called Gobbler's Knob. This home is only temporary, however. During the remainder of the year, Phil and his groundhog wife, Phyllis, live in the town library. The members of the Inner Circle take care of Phil and his wife throughout the year until it's time for Phil to make his annual prediction.
How often is Phil's predictions correct? Well, if you ask the Inner Circle, Phil is right 100% of the time, having predicted an early spring 14 times since beginning his special duties. However, a more accurate number is somewhere around 39%. This year will mark Phil's 114th prediction. If you want to see Phil's prediction in person, Gobbler's Knob is approximately 2 hours and 45 minutes away from Bloomsburg. The celebrations begin at 3 a.m. with a bonfire. The prediction will be aired on live TV at 7:25 a.m., but don't worry if you can't get up that early. Most news stations show Punxustawny throughout the day. Tune in, and enjoy a fun, lighthearted tradition.
*Writen By Lenore Sterner
Sunday, September 11, 2011
21 Unconvincing Arguments for God
(1) Holy Books - Just because something is written down does
not make it true. This goes for the Bible, the Qu’ran, and any
other holy book. It is circular reasoning to try to prove the god of
a holy book exists by using the holy book itself as “evidence.”
People who believe the holy book of one religion usually
disbelieve the holy books of other religions.
(2) “Revelations” - All religions claim to be revealed, usually
through people called “prophets.” But a revelation is a personal
experience. Even if the revelations really did come from a god,
there is no way we could prove it. As Thomas Paine said, it is a
revelation only to the first person, after that it is hearsay. People
of one religion usually disbelieve the revelations of other
religions.
(3) Personal Testimony / Feelings - This is when you are
personally having the revelation or feeling that a god exists.
Though you may be sincere, and even if a god really does exist, a
feeling is not proof, either for you or for someone else.
(4) The “God Part” of the Brain - Some religious people argue
that a god must exist, or why else would we have a part of our
brain that can “recognize” a god? What use would that part of our
brain be otherwise? However, imagination is important for us to be able to predict the future, and thus aids our survival. We can imagine all kinds
of things that aren’t true. It is a byproduct of being able to
imagine things that might be true. As a matter of fact, scientists have begun to study why some people have religious beliefs and others don’t, from a biological perspective. They have identified certain naturally occurring
chemicals in our brains that can give us religious experiences.
In studies of religion and the brain, a new field called
neurotheology, they have identified the temporal lobe as a place in
the brain that can generate religious experiences. Another part of the brain that regulates a person’s sense of “self” can be consciously shut down during meditation, giving the meditator (who loses his or her sense of personal boundaries) a feeling of “oneness” with the universe.
(5) “Open Heart” - It will do no good to ask atheists to “open
our hearts and accept Jesus” (or any other deity). If we were to set
aside our skepticism, we might indeed have an inspirational
experience. But this would be an emotional experience and, like a
revelation, we’d have no way to verify if a god was really
speaking to us or if we were just hallucinating.
(6) Unverifiable “Miracles” / Resurrection Stories - Many
religions have miracle stories. And just as people who believe in
one religion are usually skeptical towards miracle stories of other
religions, atheists are skeptical toward all miracle stories.
Good magicians can perform acts that seem like miracles.
Things can be mismeasured and misinterpreted. A “medical
miracle” can simply be attributed to our lack of knowledge of how
the human body works. Why are there never any indisputable
miracles, such as an amputated arm regenerating?
Regarding resurrections, atheists will not find a story of
someone resurrecting from the dead to be convincing. There are
many such legends in ancient literature and, again, most religious
people reject the resurrection stories of other religions.
Modern resurrection stories always seem to occur in Third
World countries under unscientific conditions. However, there
have been thousands of people in modern hospitals hooked up to
machines that verified their deaths when they died. Why didn’t
any of them ever resurrect?
(7) Fear of Death / “Heaven” - Atheists don’t like the fact that
we’re all going to die any more than religious people do.
However, this fear does not prove there is an afterlife – only that
we wish there was an afterlife. But wishing doesn’t make it so.
There is no reason to believe our consciousness survives the
death of our brains. The mind is not something separate from the
body. Chemical alteration and physical damage to our brains can
change our thoughts. Some people get Alzheimer’s disease at the end of their lives. The irreversible damage to their brains can be detected by brain
scans. These people lose their ability to think, yet they are still
alive. How, one second after these people die, does their thinking
return (in a “soul”)?
(8) Fear of Hell - The idea of hell strikes atheists as a scam – an
attempt to get people to believe through fear what they cannot believe through reason and evidence.
The only way to approach this “logically” is to find the religion
that punishes you the worst for disbelief, and then believe that
religion. Okay, you will have saved yourself from the worst
punishment that exists – if that religion is the “true” religion.
But if that religion (with its punishment) is not the true
religion – if the religion that has the second or third worst
punishment for disbelief is the true religion – then you have saved
yourself nothing.
So, which religion’s hell is the true hell. Without evidence, we
can never know.
(9) “Pascal’s Wager” / Faith - In short, Pascal’s Wager states that
we have everything to gain (an eternity in heaven) and nothing to
lose by believing in a god. On the other hand, disbelief can lead to
a loss of heaven (i.e. hell).
We’ve already noted that heaven is wishful thinking and that
hell is a scam, so let’s address the issue of faith.
Pascal’s Wager assumes a person can will himself or herself into
having faith. This is simply not the case, at least not for an atheist.
So atheists would have to pretend to believe. But according to
most definitions of God, wouldn’t God know we were lying to
hedge our bets? Would a god reward this?
Part of Pascal’s Wager states that you “lose nothing” by
believing. But an atheist would disagree. By believing under these
conditions, you’re acknowledging that you’re willing to accept some
things on faith. In other words, you’re saying you’re willing to
abandon evidence as your standard for judging reality. Faith
doesn’t sound so appealing when it’s phrased that way, does it?
(10) Blaming the Victim - Many religions punish people for
disbelief. However, belief requires faith, and some people, such as
atheists, are incapable of faith. Their minds are only receptive to
evidence. Therefore, are atheists to be blamed for not believing
when “God” provides insufficient evidence?
(11) The End of the World - Like the concept of hell, this strikes
atheists as a scare tactic to get people to believe through fear what
they can’t believe through reason and evidence. There have been
predictions that the world was going to end for centuries now. The
question you might want to ask yourselves, if you’re basing your
religious beliefs on this, is how long you’re willing to wait – what
amount of time will convince you that the world is not going to
end?
(12) Meaning in Life - This is the idea that, without belief in a
god, life would be meaningless. Even if this were true, it would
only prove we wanted a god to exist to give meaning to our lives,
not that a god actually does exist. But the very fact that atheists can
find meaning in their lives without a belief in a god shows that god
belief is not necessary.
(13) “God is Intangible, Like Love” - Love is not intangible. We
can define love both as a type of feeling and as demonstrated by
certain types of actions.
Unlike “God,” love is a physical thing. We know the chemicals
responsible for the feeling of love.
Also, love depends upon brain structure – a person with a
lobotomy or other type of brain damage cannot feel love.
Furthermore, if love were not physical, it would not be confined
to our physical brains. We would expect to be able to detect an
entity or force called “love” floating around in the air.
(14) Morality/Ethics - This is the idea that without a god we’d
have no basis for morality. However, a secular moral code existed
before the Bible: the Code of Hammurabi.
In Plato’s dialogue called Euthyphro, Socrates asks a man
named Euthyphro whether something is good because God says it
is, or does God announce something to be good because it has
intrinsic goodness?
If something is good because God says it is, then God might
change his mind about what is good. Thus, there would be no
absolute morality.
If God merely announces something to be good because it has
intrinsic goodness, then we might be able to discover this intrinsic
goodness ourselves, without the need for god belief.
Christians can’t even agree among themselves what’s moral
when it comes to things like masturbation, premarital sex,
homosexuality, divorce, contraception, abortion, embryonic stem
cell research, euthanasia, and the death penalty.
Christians reject some of the moral laws found in the Bible,
such as killing disobedient children or people who work on the sabbath. Therefore, Christians must be applying their own ethical
standards from outside the Bible to be able to recognize that these
commandments in the Bible are unethical.
Other animals exhibit kindness toward one another and a
sense of justice. Morality is something that evolved from us
being social beings. It’s based on the selfish advantage we get
from cooperation, and on consequences.
(15) Altruism - People sometimes say that without a god there
would be no altruism, that evolution only rewards selfish
behavior.
However, it can be argued that there is no such thing as
altruism, that people always do what they want to do. If they are
only faced with bad choices, then people choose the thing they
hate the least.
Our choices are based on what gives us (our genes) the best
advantage for survival, including raising our reputation in society.
“Altruism” towards family members benefits people who
share our genes. “Altruism” towards friends benefits people who
may someday return the favor.
Even “altruism” towards strangers has a basis in evolution.
This behavior first evolved in small tribes, where everyone knew
each other and a good reputation enhanced one’s survival. It is
now hard-wired in our brains as a general mode of conduct.
(16) Free Will - Some people argue that without a god there
would be no free will, that we would live in a deterministic
universe of cause and effect and that we would be mere “robots.”
Actually, there is far less free will than most people think
there is. Our conditioning (our biological desire to survive and
prosper, combined with our experiences) make certain “choices” far
more likely than others. How else can we explain our ability, in
many cases, to predict human behavior?
Experiments have shown that our brain makes a “decision” to
take action before we become conscious of it!
Some believe that the only free will we have is to exercise a
conscious veto over actions suggested by our thoughts.
Most atheists have no problem admitting that free will may
be an illusion.
This issue also brings up a conundrum: If a god who created
us knows the future, how can we have free will?
In the end, if we are enjoying our lives, does it matter if free
will is real or an illusion? Isn’t it only our ego – our healthy selfesteem
that is beneficial for survival – that has been conditioned
to believe that real free will is somehow better than imaginary
free will?
(17) Difficulties of Religion - It has sometimes been argued that
because certain religious practices are difficult to follow, nobody
would do them if a god didn’t exist. However, it is the belief in
the existence of a god that is motivating people. A god doesn’t
really have to exist for this to happen.
Difficulties can serve as an initiation rite of passage into being
counted one of the “select few.” After all, if just anybody could
be “saved,” there might be no point in having a religion.
Finally, the reward for obedience promised by most religions
– a heaven – far outweighs any difficulties religion imposes.
(18) False Dichotomies - This is being presented with a false
“either/or” proposition, where you’re only given two alternatives
when, in fact, there are more possibilities.
Here’s one that many Christians are familiar with: “Either
Jesus was insane or he was god. Since Jesus said some wise
things, he wasn’t insane. Therefore, he must be God, like he said
he was.” But those are not the only two possibilities.
A third option is that, yes, it is possible to say some wise
things and be deluded that you are a god.
A fourth possibility is that Jesus didn’t say everything that is
attributed to him in the Bible. Maybe he didn’t actually say all
those wise things, but the writers of the Bible said he did. Or
maybe he never claimed to be God, but the writers turned him
into a god after he died.
A fifth possibility is that Jesus is a fictional character and so
everything was invented by the authors.
Here’s another example of a false dichotomy: “No one would
die for a lie. The early Christians died for Christianity.
Therefore, Christianity must be true.”
What’s left out of this is that there is no evidence that anyone
who ever personally knew Jesus (if he even existed) was ever
martyred. We only have stories of martyrdom.
Another explanation is that the followers had been fooled,
intentionally or unintentionally, into thinking Jesus was God, and
so they were willing to die for a lie (that they thought was true.)
Another point is that if you believe you’ll end up in a heaven
after to die, then martyrdom is no big deal.
Finally, does the fact that the 9/11 bombers were willing to
die for their faith make Islam true?
(19) God-of-the-Gaps (Medicine, Life, Universe, etc.) - The godof-
the-gaps argument says that if we don’t currently know the
scientific answer to something, then “God did it.”
God-of-the-gaps is used in many areas, but I’ll focus on the
three main ones: medicine, life, and the universe. You’ll notice that
God never has to prove himself in these arguments. It is always
assumed that he gets to win by default.
Here’s a medical example: A person experiences a cure for a
disease that science can’t explain. Therefore, “God did it.”
But this assumes we know everything about the human body,
so that a natural explanation is impossible. But the fact is, we
don’t have complete medical knowledge. Why don’t we ever see
something that would be a true miracle, like an amputated arm
instantaneously regenerating?
Several studies of prayer, where the patients didn’t know
whether or not they were being prayed for, including a study by the
Mayo Clinic, have shown prayer to have no effect on healing.
(This raises the question of why we would have to beg an allpowerful,
all-loving god to be healed in the first place. It seems
ironic, to say the least, to pray to a god to be cured from diseases
and the effects of natural disasters that he himself created. It also
raises the Problem of Evil: If God is all-powerful and all-loving,
why does evil exist in the first place?)
An example of god-of-the-gaps as it applies to life is
creationism and “intelligent design.” It says we don’t know
everything about evolution, therefore “God did it.” This ignores the
fossil and genetic evidence and also fails to explain the many poor
and sub-optimal “designs” we find in nature. Is “God” an
incompetent or sloppy designer?
The final and most popular example of god-of-the-gaps is the
universe. But to say we don’t know the origins of the universe – if
the universe even had an ultimate beginning – does not mean that
“God did it.”
And, of course, it begs the question: Who created God? If
complex things need a creator to explain their existence, then “God,”
who by the traditional definition is far more complex than the
universe, and is even more in need of a creator.
(20) “Fine-tuning” of the Earth - Some religious people argue that
the Earth is positioned “just right” in the solar system (not too hot,
not too cold, etc.) for life to exist. Furthermore, the elements on
Earth (carbon, oxygen, etc.) are also “just right.” These people
claim that this couldn’t have happened “by accident,” so a god must
exist to have done the positioning and chemistry.
We should be able to recognize a god-of-the-gaps argument here.
But an even better rebuttal exists. If Earth was the only planet in
the universe, then it would indeed be remarkable that our conditions
turned out to be “just right.”
But most religious people acknowledge that there are probably
thousands, if not millions, of other planets in the universe. (Our
own solar system has eight planets.) Therefore, by chance, at least
one of those planets will have conditions that will produce some
kind of life.
We can imagine religious purple creatures with four eyes and
breathing carbon dioxide on another planet also falsely believing
that their planet is “fine-tuned” and that a creator god exists in their
image.
(21) “Fine-tuning” of the Universe - Some religious people argue
that the six physical constants of the universe (which control such
things as the strength of gravity) can only exist within a very narrow
range to produce a universe capable of sustaining life. Therefore,
since this couldn’t have happened “by accident,” a god must have
done it.
Again, this is a god-of-the-gaps argument. But beyond that,
this argument assumes that we know everything about astrophysics
– a field in which new discoveries are made on almost a daily basis.
We may discover that our universe is not so “fine tuned” after all.
However, the best rebuttal is that there may exist multiple
universes – either separately or as “bubble universes” within a single
universe. Each of these universes could have its own set of
constants. Given enough universes, by chance it is likely that at
least one will produce and sustain life.
We know it is possible for at least one universe to exist – we
are in it. If one can exist, why not many? On the other hand, we
have no evidence that it is possible for even one god to exist.
Conclusion - Religious people have a tough, if not impossible task
to try to prove a god exists, let alone that their particular religion is
true. If any religion had objective standards, wouldn’t everyone be
flocking to the same “true” religion? Instead we find that people
tend to believe, to varying degrees, the religion in which they were
indoctrinated. Or they are atheists.
2006, 2007 August Berkshire Sept. 19, 2007
not make it true. This goes for the Bible, the Qu’ran, and any
other holy book. It is circular reasoning to try to prove the god of
a holy book exists by using the holy book itself as “evidence.”
People who believe the holy book of one religion usually
disbelieve the holy books of other religions.
(2) “Revelations” - All religions claim to be revealed, usually
through people called “prophets.” But a revelation is a personal
experience. Even if the revelations really did come from a god,
there is no way we could prove it. As Thomas Paine said, it is a
revelation only to the first person, after that it is hearsay. People
of one religion usually disbelieve the revelations of other
religions.
(3) Personal Testimony / Feelings - This is when you are
personally having the revelation or feeling that a god exists.
Though you may be sincere, and even if a god really does exist, a
feeling is not proof, either for you or for someone else.
(4) The “God Part” of the Brain - Some religious people argue
that a god must exist, or why else would we have a part of our
brain that can “recognize” a god? What use would that part of our
brain be otherwise? However, imagination is important for us to be able to predict the future, and thus aids our survival. We can imagine all kinds
of things that aren’t true. It is a byproduct of being able to
imagine things that might be true. As a matter of fact, scientists have begun to study why some people have religious beliefs and others don’t, from a biological perspective. They have identified certain naturally occurring
chemicals in our brains that can give us religious experiences.
In studies of religion and the brain, a new field called
neurotheology, they have identified the temporal lobe as a place in
the brain that can generate religious experiences. Another part of the brain that regulates a person’s sense of “self” can be consciously shut down during meditation, giving the meditator (who loses his or her sense of personal boundaries) a feeling of “oneness” with the universe.
(5) “Open Heart” - It will do no good to ask atheists to “open
our hearts and accept Jesus” (or any other deity). If we were to set
aside our skepticism, we might indeed have an inspirational
experience. But this would be an emotional experience and, like a
revelation, we’d have no way to verify if a god was really
speaking to us or if we were just hallucinating.
(6) Unverifiable “Miracles” / Resurrection Stories - Many
religions have miracle stories. And just as people who believe in
one religion are usually skeptical towards miracle stories of other
religions, atheists are skeptical toward all miracle stories.
Good magicians can perform acts that seem like miracles.
Things can be mismeasured and misinterpreted. A “medical
miracle” can simply be attributed to our lack of knowledge of how
the human body works. Why are there never any indisputable
miracles, such as an amputated arm regenerating?
Regarding resurrections, atheists will not find a story of
someone resurrecting from the dead to be convincing. There are
many such legends in ancient literature and, again, most religious
people reject the resurrection stories of other religions.
Modern resurrection stories always seem to occur in Third
World countries under unscientific conditions. However, there
have been thousands of people in modern hospitals hooked up to
machines that verified their deaths when they died. Why didn’t
any of them ever resurrect?
(7) Fear of Death / “Heaven” - Atheists don’t like the fact that
we’re all going to die any more than religious people do.
However, this fear does not prove there is an afterlife – only that
we wish there was an afterlife. But wishing doesn’t make it so.
There is no reason to believe our consciousness survives the
death of our brains. The mind is not something separate from the
body. Chemical alteration and physical damage to our brains can
change our thoughts. Some people get Alzheimer’s disease at the end of their lives. The irreversible damage to their brains can be detected by brain
scans. These people lose their ability to think, yet they are still
alive. How, one second after these people die, does their thinking
return (in a “soul”)?
(8) Fear of Hell - The idea of hell strikes atheists as a scam – an
attempt to get people to believe through fear what they cannot believe through reason and evidence.
The only way to approach this “logically” is to find the religion
that punishes you the worst for disbelief, and then believe that
religion. Okay, you will have saved yourself from the worst
punishment that exists – if that religion is the “true” religion.
But if that religion (with its punishment) is not the true
religion – if the religion that has the second or third worst
punishment for disbelief is the true religion – then you have saved
yourself nothing.
So, which religion’s hell is the true hell. Without evidence, we
can never know.
(9) “Pascal’s Wager” / Faith - In short, Pascal’s Wager states that
we have everything to gain (an eternity in heaven) and nothing to
lose by believing in a god. On the other hand, disbelief can lead to
a loss of heaven (i.e. hell).
We’ve already noted that heaven is wishful thinking and that
hell is a scam, so let’s address the issue of faith.
Pascal’s Wager assumes a person can will himself or herself into
having faith. This is simply not the case, at least not for an atheist.
So atheists would have to pretend to believe. But according to
most definitions of God, wouldn’t God know we were lying to
hedge our bets? Would a god reward this?
Part of Pascal’s Wager states that you “lose nothing” by
believing. But an atheist would disagree. By believing under these
conditions, you’re acknowledging that you’re willing to accept some
things on faith. In other words, you’re saying you’re willing to
abandon evidence as your standard for judging reality. Faith
doesn’t sound so appealing when it’s phrased that way, does it?
(10) Blaming the Victim - Many religions punish people for
disbelief. However, belief requires faith, and some people, such as
atheists, are incapable of faith. Their minds are only receptive to
evidence. Therefore, are atheists to be blamed for not believing
when “God” provides insufficient evidence?
(11) The End of the World - Like the concept of hell, this strikes
atheists as a scare tactic to get people to believe through fear what
they can’t believe through reason and evidence. There have been
predictions that the world was going to end for centuries now. The
question you might want to ask yourselves, if you’re basing your
religious beliefs on this, is how long you’re willing to wait – what
amount of time will convince you that the world is not going to
end?
(12) Meaning in Life - This is the idea that, without belief in a
god, life would be meaningless. Even if this were true, it would
only prove we wanted a god to exist to give meaning to our lives,
not that a god actually does exist. But the very fact that atheists can
find meaning in their lives without a belief in a god shows that god
belief is not necessary.
(13) “God is Intangible, Like Love” - Love is not intangible. We
can define love both as a type of feeling and as demonstrated by
certain types of actions.
Unlike “God,” love is a physical thing. We know the chemicals
responsible for the feeling of love.
Also, love depends upon brain structure – a person with a
lobotomy or other type of brain damage cannot feel love.
Furthermore, if love were not physical, it would not be confined
to our physical brains. We would expect to be able to detect an
entity or force called “love” floating around in the air.
(14) Morality/Ethics - This is the idea that without a god we’d
have no basis for morality. However, a secular moral code existed
before the Bible: the Code of Hammurabi.
In Plato’s dialogue called Euthyphro, Socrates asks a man
named Euthyphro whether something is good because God says it
is, or does God announce something to be good because it has
intrinsic goodness?
If something is good because God says it is, then God might
change his mind about what is good. Thus, there would be no
absolute morality.
If God merely announces something to be good because it has
intrinsic goodness, then we might be able to discover this intrinsic
goodness ourselves, without the need for god belief.
Christians can’t even agree among themselves what’s moral
when it comes to things like masturbation, premarital sex,
homosexuality, divorce, contraception, abortion, embryonic stem
cell research, euthanasia, and the death penalty.
Christians reject some of the moral laws found in the Bible,
such as killing disobedient children or people who work on the sabbath. Therefore, Christians must be applying their own ethical
standards from outside the Bible to be able to recognize that these
commandments in the Bible are unethical.
Other animals exhibit kindness toward one another and a
sense of justice. Morality is something that evolved from us
being social beings. It’s based on the selfish advantage we get
from cooperation, and on consequences.
(15) Altruism - People sometimes say that without a god there
would be no altruism, that evolution only rewards selfish
behavior.
However, it can be argued that there is no such thing as
altruism, that people always do what they want to do. If they are
only faced with bad choices, then people choose the thing they
hate the least.
Our choices are based on what gives us (our genes) the best
advantage for survival, including raising our reputation in society.
“Altruism” towards family members benefits people who
share our genes. “Altruism” towards friends benefits people who
may someday return the favor.
Even “altruism” towards strangers has a basis in evolution.
This behavior first evolved in small tribes, where everyone knew
each other and a good reputation enhanced one’s survival. It is
now hard-wired in our brains as a general mode of conduct.
(16) Free Will - Some people argue that without a god there
would be no free will, that we would live in a deterministic
universe of cause and effect and that we would be mere “robots.”
Actually, there is far less free will than most people think
there is. Our conditioning (our biological desire to survive and
prosper, combined with our experiences) make certain “choices” far
more likely than others. How else can we explain our ability, in
many cases, to predict human behavior?
Experiments have shown that our brain makes a “decision” to
take action before we become conscious of it!
Some believe that the only free will we have is to exercise a
conscious veto over actions suggested by our thoughts.
Most atheists have no problem admitting that free will may
be an illusion.
This issue also brings up a conundrum: If a god who created
us knows the future, how can we have free will?
In the end, if we are enjoying our lives, does it matter if free
will is real or an illusion? Isn’t it only our ego – our healthy selfesteem
that is beneficial for survival – that has been conditioned
to believe that real free will is somehow better than imaginary
free will?
(17) Difficulties of Religion - It has sometimes been argued that
because certain religious practices are difficult to follow, nobody
would do them if a god didn’t exist. However, it is the belief in
the existence of a god that is motivating people. A god doesn’t
really have to exist for this to happen.
Difficulties can serve as an initiation rite of passage into being
counted one of the “select few.” After all, if just anybody could
be “saved,” there might be no point in having a religion.
Finally, the reward for obedience promised by most religions
– a heaven – far outweighs any difficulties religion imposes.
(18) False Dichotomies - This is being presented with a false
“either/or” proposition, where you’re only given two alternatives
when, in fact, there are more possibilities.
Here’s one that many Christians are familiar with: “Either
Jesus was insane or he was god. Since Jesus said some wise
things, he wasn’t insane. Therefore, he must be God, like he said
he was.” But those are not the only two possibilities.
A third option is that, yes, it is possible to say some wise
things and be deluded that you are a god.
A fourth possibility is that Jesus didn’t say everything that is
attributed to him in the Bible. Maybe he didn’t actually say all
those wise things, but the writers of the Bible said he did. Or
maybe he never claimed to be God, but the writers turned him
into a god after he died.
A fifth possibility is that Jesus is a fictional character and so
everything was invented by the authors.
Here’s another example of a false dichotomy: “No one would
die for a lie. The early Christians died for Christianity.
Therefore, Christianity must be true.”
What’s left out of this is that there is no evidence that anyone
who ever personally knew Jesus (if he even existed) was ever
martyred. We only have stories of martyrdom.
Another explanation is that the followers had been fooled,
intentionally or unintentionally, into thinking Jesus was God, and
so they were willing to die for a lie (that they thought was true.)
Another point is that if you believe you’ll end up in a heaven
after to die, then martyrdom is no big deal.
Finally, does the fact that the 9/11 bombers were willing to
die for their faith make Islam true?
(19) God-of-the-Gaps (Medicine, Life, Universe, etc.) - The godof-
the-gaps argument says that if we don’t currently know the
scientific answer to something, then “God did it.”
God-of-the-gaps is used in many areas, but I’ll focus on the
three main ones: medicine, life, and the universe. You’ll notice that
God never has to prove himself in these arguments. It is always
assumed that he gets to win by default.
Here’s a medical example: A person experiences a cure for a
disease that science can’t explain. Therefore, “God did it.”
But this assumes we know everything about the human body,
so that a natural explanation is impossible. But the fact is, we
don’t have complete medical knowledge. Why don’t we ever see
something that would be a true miracle, like an amputated arm
instantaneously regenerating?
Several studies of prayer, where the patients didn’t know
whether or not they were being prayed for, including a study by the
Mayo Clinic, have shown prayer to have no effect on healing.
(This raises the question of why we would have to beg an allpowerful,
all-loving god to be healed in the first place. It seems
ironic, to say the least, to pray to a god to be cured from diseases
and the effects of natural disasters that he himself created. It also
raises the Problem of Evil: If God is all-powerful and all-loving,
why does evil exist in the first place?)
An example of god-of-the-gaps as it applies to life is
creationism and “intelligent design.” It says we don’t know
everything about evolution, therefore “God did it.” This ignores the
fossil and genetic evidence and also fails to explain the many poor
and sub-optimal “designs” we find in nature. Is “God” an
incompetent or sloppy designer?
The final and most popular example of god-of-the-gaps is the
universe. But to say we don’t know the origins of the universe – if
the universe even had an ultimate beginning – does not mean that
“God did it.”
And, of course, it begs the question: Who created God? If
complex things need a creator to explain their existence, then “God,”
who by the traditional definition is far more complex than the
universe, and is even more in need of a creator.
(20) “Fine-tuning” of the Earth - Some religious people argue that
the Earth is positioned “just right” in the solar system (not too hot,
not too cold, etc.) for life to exist. Furthermore, the elements on
Earth (carbon, oxygen, etc.) are also “just right.” These people
claim that this couldn’t have happened “by accident,” so a god must
exist to have done the positioning and chemistry.
We should be able to recognize a god-of-the-gaps argument here.
But an even better rebuttal exists. If Earth was the only planet in
the universe, then it would indeed be remarkable that our conditions
turned out to be “just right.”
But most religious people acknowledge that there are probably
thousands, if not millions, of other planets in the universe. (Our
own solar system has eight planets.) Therefore, by chance, at least
one of those planets will have conditions that will produce some
kind of life.
We can imagine religious purple creatures with four eyes and
breathing carbon dioxide on another planet also falsely believing
that their planet is “fine-tuned” and that a creator god exists in their
image.
(21) “Fine-tuning” of the Universe - Some religious people argue
that the six physical constants of the universe (which control such
things as the strength of gravity) can only exist within a very narrow
range to produce a universe capable of sustaining life. Therefore,
since this couldn’t have happened “by accident,” a god must have
done it.
Again, this is a god-of-the-gaps argument. But beyond that,
this argument assumes that we know everything about astrophysics
– a field in which new discoveries are made on almost a daily basis.
We may discover that our universe is not so “fine tuned” after all.
However, the best rebuttal is that there may exist multiple
universes – either separately or as “bubble universes” within a single
universe. Each of these universes could have its own set of
constants. Given enough universes, by chance it is likely that at
least one will produce and sustain life.
We know it is possible for at least one universe to exist – we
are in it. If one can exist, why not many? On the other hand, we
have no evidence that it is possible for even one god to exist.
Conclusion - Religious people have a tough, if not impossible task
to try to prove a god exists, let alone that their particular religion is
true. If any religion had objective standards, wouldn’t everyone be
flocking to the same “true” religion? Instead we find that people
tend to believe, to varying degrees, the religion in which they were
indoctrinated. Or they are atheists.
2006, 2007 August Berkshire Sept. 19, 2007
The “Evidence” for Jesus’ Resurrection, Debunked in One Page By Chris Hallquist
Among Evangelical Christians, it’s become popular to claim that Jesus’ resurrection can be proved with historical evidence. This is nonsense.
Here’s why:
1. There is no evidence for the resurrection outside the Bible. Non-Christian historical references to Jesus don’t occur until about six decades after the time when Biblical scholars think he probably
died. When these non-Christian sources refer to Jesus’ miracles, there’s no reason to see them as anything more than a report of what Christians of the time believed.
2. There is little evidence that the Gospels were written by eyewitnesses, or based directly on eyewitness accounts. Most of what the Bible says about Jesus’ life and supposed resurrection is in the first four books of the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, (a.k.a. the Gospels). But Biblical scholars now agree these books were originally anonymous, their names added later. The traditional Christian claims about who wrote them is now widely doubted by scholars.
3. This means that the Gospels can’t be trusted as evidence for miracles. Imagine someone trying to convert you to another religion based on the “proof” of the miracles worked by the religion’s
founder... in the form of a handful of anonymous tracts recounting his life. Would you accept that “proof”? Of course not. Among other things, the stories could just be legends.
4.One of Paul’s letters provides evidence that a number of people claimed Jesus had appeared to them after his death. But this isn’t proof of a miracle. The passage is 1st Corinthians 15:3-9, and most Biblical scholars agree it was really written by Paul. But again, would you accept similar evidence in favor of another religion’s miracles? The Mormon church has statements signed by several people attesting to miracles that are supposed to confirm the truth of the Book of the
Mormon, but you probably won’t convert to Mormonism based on that. Also, Paul doesn’t tell us how he knows about all these appearances, so we can’t be confident his report is accurate.
5. Reports that Jesus’ disciples were martyred prove nothing. Reports of the martyrdom of Jesus’ disciples do not occur in this historical record until long after their deaths would have occurred, and accounts sometimes conflict with one another. It could be that most, even all, of these stories are legends. In any case, not only do people sometimes give up their lives for delusions, even outright charlatans have been killed for their claims. Joseph Smith was probably a charlatan, but he died at the hands of a lynch mob. So we can’t rule out deception among Jesus’ followers.
6. Claims that this or that individual couldn’t possibly have hallucinated are nonsense. Even apparently sane people hallucinate for a wide variety of reasons and under a wide variety of circumstances. We can’t rule this out for people who claimed to have seen the risen Jesus.
7. Even if there were several people in Paul’s day who would have claimed to have all seen the risen Jesus at the same time, their testimony might not have stood up to scrutiny. There have been cases where a group of children have claimed to see the Virgin Mary, and been taken seriously by adults who should have known better. In many of these cases, the children were questioned
individually and their descriptions of what they saw didn’t match, suggesting deception or delusion.
8. That’s it. Part of me thinks that what I’ve said in this one page is all that needs to be said on the subject. But if you want to know how I back up these claims, you can get my book UFOs, Ghosts, and a Rising God: Debunking the Resurrection of Jesus. The book also includes a crash course in New Testament scholarship, discussions of faith healing and Biblical prophecy, and plenty of tidbits about the strange beliefs people have had throughout history. It’s available on Amazon, and there’s more information, including links to reviews, on my website, UncredibleHallq.net.
Here’s why:
1. There is no evidence for the resurrection outside the Bible. Non-Christian historical references to Jesus don’t occur until about six decades after the time when Biblical scholars think he probably
died. When these non-Christian sources refer to Jesus’ miracles, there’s no reason to see them as anything more than a report of what Christians of the time believed.
2. There is little evidence that the Gospels were written by eyewitnesses, or based directly on eyewitness accounts. Most of what the Bible says about Jesus’ life and supposed resurrection is in the first four books of the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, (a.k.a. the Gospels). But Biblical scholars now agree these books were originally anonymous, their names added later. The traditional Christian claims about who wrote them is now widely doubted by scholars.
3. This means that the Gospels can’t be trusted as evidence for miracles. Imagine someone trying to convert you to another religion based on the “proof” of the miracles worked by the religion’s
founder... in the form of a handful of anonymous tracts recounting his life. Would you accept that “proof”? Of course not. Among other things, the stories could just be legends.
4.One of Paul’s letters provides evidence that a number of people claimed Jesus had appeared to them after his death. But this isn’t proof of a miracle. The passage is 1st Corinthians 15:3-9, and most Biblical scholars agree it was really written by Paul. But again, would you accept similar evidence in favor of another religion’s miracles? The Mormon church has statements signed by several people attesting to miracles that are supposed to confirm the truth of the Book of the
Mormon, but you probably won’t convert to Mormonism based on that. Also, Paul doesn’t tell us how he knows about all these appearances, so we can’t be confident his report is accurate.
5. Reports that Jesus’ disciples were martyred prove nothing. Reports of the martyrdom of Jesus’ disciples do not occur in this historical record until long after their deaths would have occurred, and accounts sometimes conflict with one another. It could be that most, even all, of these stories are legends. In any case, not only do people sometimes give up their lives for delusions, even outright charlatans have been killed for their claims. Joseph Smith was probably a charlatan, but he died at the hands of a lynch mob. So we can’t rule out deception among Jesus’ followers.
6. Claims that this or that individual couldn’t possibly have hallucinated are nonsense. Even apparently sane people hallucinate for a wide variety of reasons and under a wide variety of circumstances. We can’t rule this out for people who claimed to have seen the risen Jesus.
7. Even if there were several people in Paul’s day who would have claimed to have all seen the risen Jesus at the same time, their testimony might not have stood up to scrutiny. There have been cases where a group of children have claimed to see the Virgin Mary, and been taken seriously by adults who should have known better. In many of these cases, the children were questioned
individually and their descriptions of what they saw didn’t match, suggesting deception or delusion.
8. That’s it. Part of me thinks that what I’ve said in this one page is all that needs to be said on the subject. But if you want to know how I back up these claims, you can get my book UFOs, Ghosts, and a Rising God: Debunking the Resurrection of Jesus. The book also includes a crash course in New Testament scholarship, discussions of faith healing and Biblical prophecy, and plenty of tidbits about the strange beliefs people have had throughout history. It’s available on Amazon, and there’s more information, including links to reviews, on my website, UncredibleHallq.net.
A Few Ridiculous Bible Verses.
Exodus 32:9 - 14
But if this thing be true, and the tokens of virginity be not found for the damsel:
Then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die
"For everyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death. He has cursed his father or his mother. His blood shall be upon him." (Leviticus 20:9)
"If a man lies with a woman during her sickness and uncovers her nakedness, he has discovered her flow, and she has uncovered the flow of her blood. Both of them shall be cut off from her people." (Leviticus 20:18)
"Your male and female slaves are to come from the nations around you; from them you may buy slaves. You may also buy some of the temporary residents living among you and members of their clans born in your country, and they will become your property." (Leviticus 25:44-45)
"Do not cut the hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of your beard." (Leviticus 19:27)
"At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts." (Deuteronomy 15:1)
"If a man has a stubborn and rebellious son who does not obey his father and mother and will not listen to them when they discipline him, his father and mother shall take hold of him and bring him to the elders at the gate of the town. They shall say to the elders, 'This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious. He will not obey us. He is a profligate and a drunkard.' Then all the men of his town shall stone him to death..." (Deuteronomy 21:18-21)
"...do not plant your field with two kinds of seed. Do not wear material woven of two kinds of material." (Leviticus 19:19)
Daniel 2:21, "he removeth kings, and setteth up kings,"
Timothy 2:11-15 that the woman is to be silent in the assembly of the church because she was deceived.
Genisis 3:16 - and the lord god said to the women "I will cause you to have much trouble when you are pregnant and when you give birth to children you will have much pain. you will want your husband very much but he will rule over you".
But if this thing be true, and the tokens of virginity be not found for the damsel:
Then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die
"For everyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death. He has cursed his father or his mother. His blood shall be upon him." (Leviticus 20:9)
"If a man lies with a woman during her sickness and uncovers her nakedness, he has discovered her flow, and she has uncovered the flow of her blood. Both of them shall be cut off from her people." (Leviticus 20:18)
"Your male and female slaves are to come from the nations around you; from them you may buy slaves. You may also buy some of the temporary residents living among you and members of their clans born in your country, and they will become your property." (Leviticus 25:44-45)
"Do not cut the hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of your beard." (Leviticus 19:27)
"At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts." (Deuteronomy 15:1)
"If a man has a stubborn and rebellious son who does not obey his father and mother and will not listen to them when they discipline him, his father and mother shall take hold of him and bring him to the elders at the gate of the town. They shall say to the elders, 'This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious. He will not obey us. He is a profligate and a drunkard.' Then all the men of his town shall stone him to death..." (Deuteronomy 21:18-21)
"...do not plant your field with two kinds of seed. Do not wear material woven of two kinds of material." (Leviticus 19:19)
Daniel 2:21, "he removeth kings, and setteth up kings,"
Timothy 2:11-15 that the woman is to be silent in the assembly of the church because she was deceived.
Genisis 3:16 - and the lord god said to the women "I will cause you to have much trouble when you are pregnant and when you give birth to children you will have much pain. you will want your husband very much but he will rule over you".
Could Jonah survive in a whale?
The stomach has several pockets. They are called gastric bags and there are 3. The stomach is the main digestive organ as the killer whale does not chew its prey and does not have salivary glands (which is the first chemical decomposition element of the food). Because the oesophagus is very large, what is swallowed arrives as is in the stomach, or to be more precise, in the first pocket.
The first pocket, or mechanical stomach is actually a kind of crusher, which will pound and chop the prey, making them more easily digestible. This pocket has no salivary glands though. It’s a kind of post oesophagus. However, the works from Flower & Lyddeker (1891) showed that, occasionally, a small quantity of digestive juices from the second pocket passes on to the first pocket, starting the digestion process. It’s worth noting that pebbles and shells are sometimes found in this mechanical stomach, aiding in the crushing of the food.
Food is then transferred to the second pocket, the central one which is called the chemical stomach, or main stomach. Hence the walls are thicker and of course with digestive glands. The hydrochloric acid together with the digestive juices will deteriorate the large molecules so they can be absorbed by the mucous membranes of the digestive tube.
Then comes the last pocket, or pyloric stomach (because it is situated in the pylorus zone, before the intestine). It is a kind of waiting room.
E. Perkopf
The first pocket, or mechanical stomach is actually a kind of crusher, which will pound and chop the prey, making them more easily digestible. This pocket has no salivary glands though. It’s a kind of post oesophagus. However, the works from Flower & Lyddeker (1891) showed that, occasionally, a small quantity of digestive juices from the second pocket passes on to the first pocket, starting the digestion process. It’s worth noting that pebbles and shells are sometimes found in this mechanical stomach, aiding in the crushing of the food.
Food is then transferred to the second pocket, the central one which is called the chemical stomach, or main stomach. Hence the walls are thicker and of course with digestive glands. The hydrochloric acid together with the digestive juices will deteriorate the large molecules so they can be absorbed by the mucous membranes of the digestive tube.
Then comes the last pocket, or pyloric stomach (because it is situated in the pylorus zone, before the intestine). It is a kind of waiting room.
E. Perkopf
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)